NOAA/ETL Marine Boundary Layer Flux Data Acquisition System

HP 700 UNIX Workstation Environment

-Users

The user interface for the HP workstation is HP-VUE and is a windows-type interface. All user programs and data acquisition are accessed from the 'user1' account on the machine named 'Dilbert' and from the 'jeh' account on the machine named 'Crazyhorse'. That is, the user should be logged in as 'user1' on 'Dilbert' and as 'jeh' on 'Crazyhorse'. There is a Superuser, named 'root' which has rights and privileges, including the option to destroy the entire system, above that of 'user1' or 'jeh'. Therefore, only in necessary circumstances and with care should the user be logged in as the Superuser. If necessary, please find someone in the science team or on the ship's crew who is familiar with UNIX for assistance.

- Screens

Although not operating independently, there are 6 screens available for the user on the workstation. The individual screens can be accessed by a single click with the left mouse button on one of the 6 named bars in the middle center of the HP-VUE screen. For example, when running the data acquisition program, the user should single click on the DataAcquistion bar and perform the data acquisition startup procedure below. It is not imperative that the user be resident in the applicable screen for the functions (such as MATLAB analysis or data acquisition) to be properly executed. Therefore, it is possible for the user to remain within one screen for the duration of the deployment.

- Icons

A double click of the left mouse button activates the icons. Relevant icons include:

Terminal - 'open a terminal window'. It is necessary to have a window open in order to run MATLAB and its associated application programs and in order to run the data acquisition software. To close one of these windows, type the word 'exit' (without quote marks), followed by the Return key.

Text editor - 'open the editor'. This editor will be useful if you wish to look at the contents of a data file. It is possible for the operator to use the text editor to edit and create MATLAB programs. Once open, a left mouse button click on 'File' on the menu bar will enable you to 'Open' a file in a given directory. Once you have located the file in the directory of choice (for example, the present day's data files are located in /home/user1/bin/data), double click with the left mouse button on the file name or highlight that filename with a single click of the left mouse button and single click on the 'OK' button on the menu bar. The user can page through a data file using the mouse on the scroll bar on the far right of the editor window. Close the editor by a single left mouse button click on 'File' and then 'Exit'.

Exit sign - 'logout'. The user should only logout when the system is to be shutdown.

-UNIX

The operating system for the HP700 is HP-UNIX. The machine and the operating system allow multitasking, so that analysis routines, tape backups, etc. can be executed from a separate window while data is being acquired. However, during the JASMINE-NAURU-KWAJEX-MOORINGS deployment, we are utilizing the 2-workstation environment. One machine (Dilbert) is used solely as the data acquisition system, while the other (Crazyhorse) serves as the platform for daily diagnostics, 5-daily archival tape creation, and as a data acquisition backup in the case of a catastrophic failure of Dilbert.

Upon opening a terminal window, the user will be required to execute UNIX commands. Here are some examples of useful UNIX commands (note that each will be followed by the Return key):

ls	list files in the current directory

ls -l	list files and size of files in current directory

more filename	displays the contents of the file page by page

rm filename	delete filename (remove)

pwd	list the name of the current directory

bdf	list the total bytes occupied and available for each disk on the system. This command will be useful to prevent data loss from filling the data disks prior to archive (see backup procedures below).

cd /home/user1/bin	change directory (in this case to the /home/user1/bin directory. Note the use of the leading slash).

man command	displays the 'help' page for the command. For example, 'man ls' (without quote marks) displays information about the 'ls' command.

It would be desirable to find someone familiar with UNIX before venturing into other commands and operations of the workstation.

- Start-up procedure.

Note that the system should be powered up and functional at the start of the deployment. Furthermore, the system is on an uninterruptable power supply (UPS) and should not power down at any time. However, the procedure from power off is as follows:

1. Turn on all SCSI interface units, one at a time. These include the Central Data Serial Port Interface, 2-Andataco External Hard Drives, and an HP CD-ROM. As you power each individual unit up, wait 15-30 seconds for it to power up before switching power onto the other SCSI units.

2. Turn on power to the HP Monitor and Processor. A rather long start-up sequence is initialized on the HP Workstation requiring no user input. Wait until a full-screen login screen appears.

3. Login as 'root' in order to further initialize the system. This requires typing the name 'root' (with no quote marks). Tab or Return key to the password, enter the password for 'root' and press the Return key. After a minute or so, the HP-VUE windows display will be shown.

4. It is necessary to start the license manager daemon in order to access MATLAB. Therefore, slide the mouse cursor to the bottom right side of the screen and single left button click on the terminal window icon. When the window appears with the UNIX prompt, type the following terminated by the Return key:

cd /usr/local/matlab/etc

This will change the directory to that containing the license manager. Now, type the following, terminated by the Return key:

./lmstart

A message will appear indicating that the license manager has been properly initiated.

4. In order to login as 'user1', it is necessary for 'root' to be logged out. This is accomplished by a single mouse click on the Exit sign in the lower right of the screen. Click on that Exit sign now.

5. When the full-screen login screen appears again, enter the name 'user1' (without quotes) in the login name space. Return key or Tab to the password entry location, enter the password for user1, followed by the Return key.

6. After a minute or so, the HP-VUE screen appears. No further user input is required to the system initialization. The user may proceed with data acquisition or analysis.

-Shut down procedure

The system should remain powered up during the duration of the deployment, and the system power is channeled through a UPS. A loss of power to the workstation could result in loss of data or corruption of files. Therefore, it is imperative that the proper shutdown sequence be adhered to whenever power and UPS are to be disconnected from the workstation. The shutdown procedure is as follows:

1. Exit the current HP-VUE session by single left mouse button click on the Exit sign in the lower right corner of the screen.

2. The full screen login screen will be displayed in a few moments. When this screen appears, login as 'root' (without the quote marks), use the Return key or Tab to the password and enter in the password for 'root' followed by the Return key.

3. When the HP-VUE screen appears, open a terminal window by a single left mouse button click on the arrow above the icon for terminal. Open a terminal window.

4. At the '#' prompt, type the following followed by the Return key:

shutdown

5. Almost immediately the screen displays a message requiring a 'y' or 'n' response. This question asks if the user wishes to send a message to other users informing of a system shutdown. Type the 'n' character (without quote marks), followed by the Return key.

6. After a minute or two, the screen displays another message requiring user input response. This question asks if the user wishes to proceed with system shutdown. Type the 'y' character (without quote marks), followed by the Return key.

7. System shutdown will proceed. After a few more minutes, a black screen will appear with a single '#' prompt. At this point, type the following, followed by the Return key:

init 0; exit

This informs the system that it is to go into the 'zero' state.

8. The system will respond with a prompt which states that power may be turned off provided UPS doesn't require attention. Power off the HP processor.

9. Power off the monitor, and all SCSI devices.

- Data Acquisition

Performs data acquisition via 'C' code program (hp_das.c) and executable file (hp_das) found within the data acquisition system directory (/home/user1/bin). All data acquired with this program is written to the primary data storage directory (/home/user1/bin/data). Subsequent data backups are to be performed by the user into the backup data storage directory (/home/user1/bin/data_backup), the secondary backup data storage directory (/hare/data_backup), and the HP system tape drive.

To start the data acquisition system, proceed as follows:

1. A terminal window should be open with a prompt similar to the following:

user1@dilbert 51>

If no window is available, the user need only single click the left mouse button on the Terminal icon in the lower left-center of the HP-VUE screen. Widen the window by placing the mouse cursor on the edge of the screen, press and hold the left mouse button, and drag the window edge to the right or left. A click and hold of the left mouse button on the top edge of the terminal window enables the user to move the window anywhere on the HP-VUE screen. It is important for the data acquisition program and for the MATLAB routines that the window be sized large enough to display the information which is to be presented to the screen by the program.

2. The data acquisition program is located in the following directory:

/home/user1/bin

The user must reside in that directory for proper function of the data acquisition routine. At this time, type the following, followed by the Return key:

cd /home/user1/bin

This UNIX command changes the directory to the location of the data acquisition program.

3. To start the data acquisition program, type the following, followed by the Return key:

hp_das

This executable file begins the data acquisition program.

4. At this time, the user should see the window occupied by a line of information, updated every 5 seconds, similar to the following:

11:48:02 bytes/5 sec: P0=2400 P1=2400 P2=0 P3=0 P4=1200 P5=1400 P6=0 P7=499

The first field is the UTC time, and the subsequent fields are the number of bytes read for each corresponding channel. Note that data on channels P2 and P6 are sent only once per minute and four times per minute, respectively. Also, the number of bytes into channel P7 per interval is relatively highly variable. The remaining channels (P0, P1, P3, P4, P5) should have input bytes per interval similar (but not exactly) to that shown in the example above.

- Daily Data Backups

The user should execute the following set of commands from the /home/user1/bin/data directory. These commands can be executed while the data acquisition routine is running. The user should open a different window (by single click with the left mouse button on the terminal screen icon).

1. Change the directory to /home/user1/bin/data. Type the following concluded by the Return key:

cd /home/user1/bin/data

2. Move data files for the previous day from the /home/user1/bin/data directory into the /home/user1/bin/data_backup directory (use small-case characters with the exception of the leading 'P' in the filename). Type the following concluded by the Return key:

nice -15 mv /home/user1/bin/data/P?_0aa* /home/user1/bin/data_backup

where 0aa = 3 digit Julian day (for example, Feb 1st is 032)

? = a single character wildcard

* = subsequent character(s) wildcard

translation: low priority [nice -15] move [mv] from directory /home/user1/bin/data all files from Julian day 0aa into directory /home/user/bin/data_backup.

Note: Only execute the previous command when an entire day's data has completed. That is, only execute it after midnight UTC for the previous day's data. For example, at 0800 UTC on Feb 16, the user would type the following (followed by the Return key)

nice -15 mv /home/user1/bin/data/P?_046* /home/user1/bin/data_backup

3. The user should also copy the previous day's data files into the second hard disk with the following:

nice -15 cp /home/user1/bin/data_backup/P?_0aa* /hare/data_backup

translation: low priority [nice -15] copy [cp] from directory /home/user1/bin/data_backup all files from Julian day 0aa into directory /hare/data_backup.

Using our example,

nice -15 cp /home/user1/bin/data_backup/P?_046* /hare/data_backup

Note that /home and /hare are on separate external disk drive units to ensure data preservation in case of catastrophic loss of one of the disks prior to tape backup.

The user can execute the 'bdf' command (without quote marks) from the UNIX prompt to ensure that the disks are not filling beyond capacity (as given by the percent used information). Furthermore, the user should ensure that less than 2GBytes of information will be archived to tape, as that volume is the capacity of the tapes.

5-Day Data Backups

The user should perform this backup-to-tape procedure on Julian days 035, 040, 045, 050, 055, 060, 065, 070, 075, 080).

1. Change directory to /home/user1/bin/data_backup using:

cd /home/user1/bin/data_backup

2. Insert a data storage tape into the proper slot of the HP700 chassis. Wait a few minutes for the tape to engage, spin up, and rewind. This tape will be Copy 1.

3. Archive to tape using the following command (use small-case characters with the exception of the leading 'P' in the filename):

nice -15 tar cv /home/user1/bin/data_backup

translation: low priority [nice -15] archive to tape [tar cv] all files in directory /home/user1/bin/data_backup.

This procedure takes a couple of hours and can be executed with data acquisition still active.

4. Remove the Copy 1 tape and place one of the provided labels on the edge of the tape. Write the relevant information on the label and on the paper insert for the tape cover. This information should include the experiment name (LabSea), days of data on tape (Julian Days 0aa-0ae), and tape number and copy number (for example, 1st tape, copy #1).

5. Insert a second tape and repeat steps 3 and 4. This tape will be copy 2.

6. Remove all archived files from the hard disk to preserve space. This is very important, as filling a disk may corrupt the system. Execute the following command:

nice -15 rm /home/user1/bin/data_backup/*

translation: low priority [nice -15] remove [rm] all files in directory /home/user1/bin/data_backup.

7. Furthermore, user should delete all archived files from the /hare/data_backup directory with the following command:

nice -15 rm /hare/data_backup/*

translation: low priority [nice -15] remove [rm] all files from the /hare/data_backup directory.

-System Components

The ETL data acquisition system uses the HP700 as the processor,

external hard disks for data storage, internal tape drive for data archival,

and an eight-channel serial data interface. The external disks and the

serial data interface are daisy-chained on a SCSI standard interface bus.

-External SCSI Interface Hardware

1. Central Data SCSI Interface Serial Ports

This interface is used as the primary interface for data acquisition.

All data transferred to the HP700 is serial at this point. Data is either

acquired from the serial output of an individual instrument (sonic

anemometer, gyrocompass, infrared hygrometer, GPS receiver, ship auxiliary

information) or is analog signal which has been digitized and transferred to

the serial interface (Campbells #1, #2, #3).

2. Andataco Hard Disk #1

root directory: /home

default directory: /home/user1

data acquisition system directory: /home/user1/bin

primary data storage directory: /home/user1/bin/data

backup data storage directory: /home/user1/bin/data_backup

MATLAB programs directory: /home/user1/hare

3.Andataco Hard Disk #2

root directory: /hare

backup data storage directory: /hare/data_backup

4. CD-ROM (not used)

-Central Data Serial Interface

The following is a list of the instruments on each of the eight channels

(0-7) of this interface. The names of the files containing the information

from each individual channel and written to the /home/user1/bin/data

directory follow the nomenclature as:

filename: Pc_0aatt ,

where c is the channel number,

0aa is the three-digit Julian day,

and tt is the start-of-file UTC hour.

For example, a file which was started at 0800 UTC on Feb 1 from channel 0

(sonic anemometer) would be named P0_03208

Channel 0 : Gill Solent Ultrasonic Anemometer - 20.87Hz data rate.

Transmitted data are the 2 horizontal wind components (relative to

the platform) in cm/s [u, v], the vertical component (relative to

platform) in cm/s [w], and the speed of sound [S]. A conversion from

speed of sound to temperature [Ts] is:

Ts = ([S]/50)*([S]/50) + ( (u*u + w*w) /2 + v*v) /403 [deg K]

Channel 1: Campbell 21X Datalogger #1 digitizing the following

instruments (in order of transmission and subsequent write-to-file)

- 20 Hz data rate. [Note that prior to these data in the files,

there are two time stamps: the first is the seconds since midnight

1970 and the second is the ten thousandths of seconds. Therefore

there are a total of 13 fields at each point of data in the file]

Oak Ridge CO2/H2O Sensor

3 fields:

H2O

CO2

Temperature reference

The calibrations for these fields are:

H2O = 1.145*volts*volts + 1.89*volts + 0.43 [g/m/m/m]

CO2 = 96.9*volts + 441 [mg/m/m/m]

Temp = 28.1*volts - 8 [deg C]

K-Gill System (University of Washington)

3 fields:

Wind speed top

Wind speed bottom

Wind direction

The calibrations for these fields are to be determined.

Tw/Td Thermocouple Psychrometer (University of Washington)

3 fields

Dry bulb temperature

Wet bulb temperature

Temperature reference

The calibrations for these fields are:

Tdry = 9.84*volts + 14.915

Twet = 9.43*volts + 11.32

Tref (to be determined)

Lyman-alpha Hygrometer (University of Washington)

1 field (no calibration)

STI Raingauge - Not deployed for LabSea

1 field

Channel 2: Campbell 21X Datalogger #2 digitizing the following

instruments (in order of transmission and subsequent write-to-file) -

1/minute data rate. [Note that prior to these data in the files, there are

four time stamps: the first is the seconds since midnight 1970 and the second

is the ten thousandths of seconds. The third is an arbitrary Campbell date

figure and the fourth is an arbitrary minute stamp from the Campbell.

Therefore there are a total of 26 fields at each point of data in the file]

The instruments are:

2-Infrared Radiometers (Pyrgeometers)

2-Visible Radiometers (Pyranometers)

1-Tsea Snake

1-Vaisala T/RH Sensor

The fields in the files are:

1-Dome temperature (thermistor) resistance for pyrgeometer #1 [Rd1]

2-Case temperature (thermistor) resistance for pyrgeometer #1 [Rc1]

3-Thermopile voltage for pyrgeometer #1 [Vir1]

4-Dome temperature (thermistor) resistance for pyrgeometer #2 [Rd2]

5-Case temperature (thermistor) resistance for pyrgeometer #2 [Rc1]

6-Thermopile voltage for pyrgeometer #2 [Vir2]

7-Thermopile voltage for pyranometer #1 [Vsol1]

8-Thermopile voltage for pyranometer #2 [Vsol2]

9-Sea surface temperature (thermistor) resistance for the Tsea snake on the

port side. [Rsea]

10-Vaisala temperature on the mast in deg C.

11-Vaisala relative humidity on the mast in percent.

12-standard deviation of field 1

13-standard deviation of field 2

14-standard deviation of field 3

15-standard deviation of field 4

16-standard deviation of field 5

17-standard deviation of field 6

18-standard deviation of field 7

19-standard deviation of field 8

20-standard deviation of field 9

21-standard deviation of field 10

22-standard deviation of field 11

The conversions for resistance and voltage to physical units for the sea

surface temperature probe and the radiometers is as follows:

Tsea = 3915.9 / (5.127 + ln [Rsea-10] ) [deg K]

IR FLUX = [Vir]/0.004*sigma + 0.98*sigma*[Tc^4] + 2.5*sigma*(Tc^4-Td^4)

[W/m/m]

where sigma=5.67*(10^-8)

Tc = 3563 / (2.74 + ln[Rc])

Td = 3563 / (2.74 + ln[Rd])

SOLAR FLUX = [Vsol]/0.009 [W/m/m]

Channel 3: Robertson Gyrocompass - 1Hz data rate. Data file contains

heading in degrees.

Channel 4: Ophir Infrared Hygrometer - 20Hz data rate. Data file

contains counts from the clear channel [Cc], counts from the absorbing

channel [Ca], and an error byte.

The conversion from counts to physical units proceeds as:

abshum = x* (ln(rc/a))^1.362 [g/m/m/m]

where rc = Ca/Cc

x = 56.23* (temperature/273.15)^0.8

a = 1.051*(1-0.0017*25)

Channel 5: Campbell 21X Datalogger #3 digitizing the following instrument

(in order of transmission and subsequent write-to-file) - 1/minute data rate.

[Note that prior to these data in the files, there are two time stamps: the

first is the seconds since midnight 1970 and the second is the ten

thousandths of seconds. Therefore there are a total of 8 fields at each

point of data in the file].

Systron-Donner Motion-Pak Rotation Rate and Acceleration Sensors

6 fields

The calibration of these data and the definitions of the coordinate

system are as:

rate y-axis = rotation rate about the port-starboard axis, bow down

is positive pitch.

Ry = volts/0.05 [deg/s]

rate x-axis = rotation rate about the bow-stern axis, port side up is

positive roll.

Rx = volts/0.05 [deg/s]

rate z-axis = rotation rate about the vertical axis, bow to starboard

is positive yaw.

Rz = volts/0.05 [deg/s]

acceleration y-axis = acceleration along the bow-stern axis, forward

is positive.

Ay = volts/3.75*g [m/s/s]

acceleration x-axis = acceleration along the port-starboard axis, to

port is positive.

Ax = volts/3.75*g [m/s/s]

acceleration z-axis = acceleration along the vertical axis, up is

positive.

Az = volts/3.75*g [m/s/s]

Channel 6: Ship Auxiliary Ascii Information

The following Knorr information is currently being logged on this

channel at a 1/15sec data rate:

Date, Time, Gyrocompass, Sea Surface Temperature, Course Over Ground,

Longitude, Latitude, Speed Over Ground, Air Temperature, Barometric Pressure,

Humidity, Wind Speed North, Wind Speed East, Wind Speed, Wind Direction.

Channel 7: Lorance GPS Receiver

Approximately 1Hz data rate.

-MATLAB Routines

Within the /home/user1/hare directory, there are a number of application

routines to evaluate and display information processed from the data

acquisition files.

-Starting MATLAB

MATLAB will only operate in the presence of the license manager daemon

which runs in the background and is transparent to the user (see startup

procedure). To start the MATLAB software proceed as follows:

1. If a terminal window is not available, open one with a single left mouse

button click on the terminal window icon in the bottom left area of the

screen.

2. When the UNIX prompt appears, type the following terminated by the Return

key:

matlab

This will begin the MATLAB session.

-Application programs

As the data acquisition system is operating, it is possible to run

continuously an analysis package which opens all of the previous hours'

acquired data files and performs some preliminary processing and display

functions. These include correction of the sonic anemometer velocity

components for ship motion, computation and display of 15-minute wind stress,

sensible and latent heats, evaluation and display of the Ophir window

cleanliness, display of sea surface, air temperature, and relative humidity

from both the IMET ship system and our own sensors. In addition, a few

selected time series and Fourier spectra are plotted for evaluation of sensor

performance.

In order to start this continuous package, from the MATLAB prompt,

type the following terminated by the Return key:

clear;openfastex

This program will display the following information in the MATLAB window:

Mean 1-hour streamwise wind magnitude (U).

Angles of incidence relative to the bow (alpha is horizontal, beta is

vertical tilt of flow).

15-minute mean streamwise wind magnitudes (U).

Variances of streamwise, transverse, and vertical velocity components

(u'u', v'v', w'w').

Covariance of streamwise and vertical velocities and streamwise wind stress

(u'w', tau_u).

Covariance of transverse and vertical velocities and transverse wind stress

(v'w', tau_v).

Covariance of vertical velocity and sonic temperature and sensible heat flux

(w'T', H_s).

Covariance of vertical velocity and absolute humidity and latent heat flux

(w'q', H_l).

Standard deviation and means of raw clear and absorbing channel counts of the

Ophir hygrometer (see window cleaning below), as well as computed

absolute humidities.

In addition, the 'openfastex' program displays the following plots from the

previous hours' data:

Figure1: OakRidge sensor H2O time series (1-hour).

Figure2: OakRidge sensor CO2 time series (1-hour).

Figure3: K-Gill Top and Bottom propeller wind speeds (1-hour).

Figure4: Lyman-alpha time series (1-hour).

Figure5: Tdry/Twet time series (1-hour).

Figure6: Rainrate (not used in LabSea).

Figure7: OakRidge sensor CO2 spectrum.

Figure8: K-Gill Top and Bottom propeller spectra.

Figure9: Lyman-alpha and OakRidge H2O spectra.

Figure10: Tdry/Twet spectra.

Figure11: Two Motion-pak horizontal accelerations time series (100 seconds).

Figure12: One Motion-pak vertical acceleration time series (100 seconds).

Figure13: Three Motion-pak rotation rate time series (100 seconds).

Figure14: Three Motion-pak acceleration spectra.

Figure15: Three Motion-pak rotation rate spectra.

Figure16: Sonic temperature spectrum.

Figure17: Three corrected/rotated sonic velocities time series (1st 15

minutes).

Figure18: Sonic velocity components spectra (1st 15 minutes).

Figure19: Three corrected/rotated sonic velocities time series (2nd 15

minutes).

Figure20: Sonic velocity components spectra (2nd 15 minutes).

Figure21: Three corrected/rotated sonic velocities time series (3rd 15

minutes).

Figure22: Sonic velocity components spectra (3rd 15 minutes).

Figure23: Three corrected/rotated sonic velocities time series (4th 15

minutes).

Figure24: Sonic velocity components spectra (4th 15 minutes).

Figure25: Ophir clear and absorbing channel raw counts (1st 15 minutes).

Figure26: Ophir absolute humidity spectrum (1st 15 minutes).

Figure27: Ophir clear and absorbing channel raw counts (2nd 15 minutes).

Figure28: Ophir absolute humidity spectrum (2nd 15 minutes).

Figure29: Ophir clear and absorbing channel raw counts (3rd 15 minutes).

Figure30: Ophir absolute humidity spectrum (3rd 15 minutes).

Figure31: Ophir clear and absorbing channel raw counts (4th 15 minutes).

Figure32: Ophir absolute humidity spectrum (4th 15 minutes).

Figure33: Vaisala and IMET relative humidity time series (1-hour).

Figure34: Vaisala and IMET air temperature time series (1-hour).

Figure35: Seasnake and ship sea surface temperature time series (1-hour).

Figure36: Solar radiative flux time series (1-hour).

Figure37: Longwave radiative flux time series (1-hour).

The figures can be paged through by pressing the ExtendChar key to the

left or right of the space bar, simultaneously with the Tab key. Repeated

pressing of 'ExtendChar'-'Tab' will page through the individual plots. Note

that the user can reverse the paging by pressing the 'Shift' key with the

'ExtendChar' and 'Tab' keys.

These plots are intended to be utilized by the user as diagnostic tools

to periodically investigate data integrity. For example, the turbulence

spectra (multiplied by frequency) should show a characteristic (-2/3) slope

in the inertial-subrange frequencies, and a time series of ship motion

variables will show oscillations corresponding to the ship's response to wave

forcing. Furthermore, comparison of variables such as temperature with

similar instruments will be helpful in diagnosing problems.

It is also possible to run a more limited package which evaluates all

signals coming into an individual channel for one hour of data only within

the current day. That is, these individual programs can be run only until

the daily backup procedure has been completed because the files have changed

location. The following is a list of the individual channel evaluation

programs:

opensons Opens and displays sonic anemometer data.

opencamp1r Opens and displays OakRidge CO2/H2O data, K-Gill,

Lyman-alpha, Twet/Tdry data.

openradiom Opens and displays radiometer data, Vaisala T/RH, and Tsea data.

opengyro Opens and displays gyrocompass data.

openophir Opens and displays Ophir data and window cleanliness.

openmotion Opens and displays information acquired from the platform

motion sensor.

openship Opens and displays the ASCII ship system information.

opengps Opens and displays GPS data.

The procedure for initiating one of these programs is shown by this

example for the sonic anemometer data for Julian day 047 at 0800. From the

MATLAB prompt:

clear; ddd=047; hhh=08; opensons;

Although these individual programs are useful, it is recommended that

the user maintain the continuously run 'openfastex' program.

-Ophir and Oak Ridge Sensor Window Integrity

The Ophir hygrometer and the Oak Ridge sensor are sensitive to water and

sea salt on the lenses. Note that whenever the tower is down, the glass

lenses of both instruments should be cleaned with glass cleaner and paper

towel prior to erection of the mast. The 'silver' surface of the Ophir may

be cleaned with the glass cleaner as well. However, the Oak Ridge gold

surfaces should not be rubbed, as the finish will scratch.

The MATLAB program named 'openfastex' (or 'openophir') can be used to

continuously monitor the state of the hygrometer lenses. The user should

check the MATLAB window display occasionally to determine if the hose system

which is on the mast should be implemented to rinse off these surfaces while

the tower is erect. In dry conditions, if the 15-minute mean counts in the

Ophir 'Clear' channel should drop below 2500, the user should consider

turning the hose system on. Note that the path will be obscured if liquid

water (such as rain) is present. Furthermore, if the 15-minute standard

deviation of the 'Clear' channel counts is above approximately 25 for an

extended period of time (dry surfaces), and/or the 15-minute Ophir absolute

humidity spectra do not demonstrate adequate resolution in the

inertial-subrange (i.e. improper slope) the user should consider using the

rinse system. These values are only intended as a guideline and are not

'hard' rules by which the user must adhere. Some judgement is required by

the user in this case. The hose system is activated on the aft side of the

O2 deck.

Also, approximately daily or every-other day, the radiometers atop the

'doghouse' on top of the hangar should be sprayed with glass cleaner and

wiped with paper towel.

-Loading Campbell programs

Should the Campbell Dataloggers lose AC power, a battery backup supplies

power to the units. However, in some cases, the battery may not protect the

unit from loss of software. It then becomes necessary to download the

software from a PC to the Datalogger. As mentioned above, there are 3

Campbell 21X Dataloggers in the system as configured for the FASTEX/LabSea

deployments. These are the 'CO2/H2O' Campbell in Channel 1, the

'Radiometer/Means' unit on Channel 2, and the 'Motion-Pak' Campbell on

Channel 5. The 'CO2/H2O' and 'Motion-Pak' units are physically located on

the forward of the O2 deck of the Knorr, inside white watertight boxes. The

'Radiometers/Means' unit is located in the laboratory, above the SSSG bench

(port side forward in the main lab).

The procedure for downloading the Campbell programs is as follows:

1. Toggle the power to the Campbell unit in question. Toggle off, then on.

The power switch is located on the side of the datalogger. This power toggle

erases any resident memory.

2. Locate the ribbon cable on the PC marked 'PC to Datalogger'. This cable

is connected to the COM2 port on the back of the PC. Connect the relevant

datalogger cable and black rad-modem to this cable.

3. Open a DOS window on the PC by a rapid double-click of the left mouse

button on the MS-DOS (rabbit) icon.

4. Type the following from the DOS prompt, followed by the Enter key:

cd\pc208

This will change the directory to the location of the download software.

5. Type the following from the C:\pc208> prompt, followed by the Enter key:

gt filename

where filename is one of the following relevant datalogger program

file names:

-For the CO2/H2O Campbell in Channel 1, the filename is 'fastex3'

without the quote marks.

-For the Radiometers/Means Campbell in Channel 2, the filename is

'flipsr2' without the quote marks.

-For the Motion-Pak Campbell in Channel 5, the filename is 'shipmot4'

without the quote marks.

So, for example, if the user wishes to download the datalogger

program onto the Motion-Pak Campbell in Channel 5, the user would type the

following from the DOS prompt, followed by the Enter key:

gt shipmot4

This starts the Campbell downloading software with the parameters necessary

to download the correct program.

6. When the Campbell software is ready, press the 'd' key to initiate

download.

7. At the prompt type in the filename as before (in our example, the

filename is 'shipmot4' without the quote marks), followed by the Enter key.

8. The download should proceed as normal without further user interaction.

Some characters will appear on the screen after a few seconds, followed by

one or more beeps. If procedure doesn't work, repeat all steps from the

beginning.

9. Type the 'q' character on the keyboard to quit the application.

10. At the DOS prompt, type the word 'exit' without quote marks, followed by

the Enter key. This will close the DOS window.

Telephone: I can be reached at anytime at my work number (303) 497-5864.

Leave a voice-mail message as I will be checking the messages at

least daily. You may try to reach me in person at home at

(303) 443-1317, which also happens to be Chris Fairall's

residence.

E-mail: jhare@etl.noaa.gov

cc: cfairall@etl.noaa.gov

Mailing address: Jeffrey Hare

NOAA/ETL R/E/ET7

325 Broadway

Boulder CO 80303